Specialist materials
Suitability of various materials for EBW
| Material | Specification Nos. of Typical Examples (BS Designation) | Welding Recommendations | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| STEELS | Carbon & Carbon Manganese steels (Carbon & Low Alloy steels |
New 070M20 080M37 150M19 |
Old (EN 3A) (EN 8B) (EN 14A) |
Low carbon grades (up to about 0.3%C generally weld satisfactorily). Treat higher carbon grades with caution. Avoid welding free machining grades. |
| Direct hardening steels |
605A37 708M40 722M24 |
(EN 16B) (EN19A) (EN 40B) |
Treat with caution. Weld development essential. Welding to low carbon or stainless steel grades advantageous. | |
| Case hardening steels |
637M15 659M15 |
(EN 37I) (EN 39A) |
Generally weldable but case hardening must be kept clear of join interfaces and immediately adjacent surfaces. | |
| STAINLESS, HEAT RESISTING AND VALVE STEELS |
371S12 410S21 431S29 |
(EN 58B) (EN 56A) (EN 57) |
Generally weldable but avoid grades containing high carbon, molybdenum and tungsten | |
|
SAE 30304, 30316, 30371AISI 304, 316, 371 |
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| NICKEL BASE ALLOYS | Nimonic 75, 80AInconelIncoloy DSNispan CC263 | Generally weldable. Treat higher nimonics with caution. Can also be welded to some steel and copper base alloys. | ||
| COPPER AND COPPER BASE ALLOYS |
OFHC Copper Cupro-Nickel Aluminium-Bronze Berylium Copper Phosphur Bronze |
Generally weldable. Can also be welded to some steel and nickel base alloys | ||
| REFRACTORY METALS AND ALLOYS |
Titanium Zirconium/Zircaloy NiobiumTantalum |
Generally weldable but not dissimilar metals and/or alloys | ||
| ALUMINUM | Wrought Alloys, sheet bar and extrusion |
New 1080 1050A 1200 3103 3105 5005 5083 5154A 5251 5454 6061 6063 6082 7020 L53 L11,13 |
Old 1A 1B 1C N3 N31 N41 N8 N5 N4 N52 N20 H9 H30 H17 |
Good surface preparations required on weld joint areas. Specifications listed include sheet, plate, bar, tube formed as cold rolled, drawn forged or extruded sections. Generally weldable without problems. |
| Cast Alloys |
LMO LM5 LM6 LM9 LM10 LM25 |
Weld quality very dependant on that of parent metal. Cast materials can be welded to wrought aluminum alloys. | ||
| Problem specs | Wrought materials |
Current 2031 7010 |
Old H12 DTD 5120B DTD 5130 |
Difficult materials subject to weld development and specific joint design |
| 7020 | H17 | |||
| 7075 |
L88 L95 DTD 5110 DTD 5124 |
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| L51, 52, 99 |
DTD 716b DTD 722b DTD 727b DTD 737b DTD 5008b DTD 5013b |
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| Castalloys | LM2, 6, 9, 10, 13, 20, 27, 28, 29 | |||
| Unweldable specs. | Wrought materials | 2011, 2014A, 2024, L91, 92, 37119, 154, 155 |
FC1 H15 |
Unweldable materials mainly due to severe cracking problems |
| Castalloys | LM4, 12, 21, 22, 24, 26, 30 | |||
|
SPECIAL MATERIALS Weldable |
Hastelloy Stellite Cobalt Chrome Maraging Steel JetheteMumetal P.H. Stainless |
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| Unweldable |
Zinc, Cadnium, Brass, Cast Iron, Tungsten High Carbon Steels Tool & Die steels Cobalt Alloys Ni-chrome-moly steels |
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